Find out more below about recent peace efforts, both non-governmental and state-sponsored. These lists of resources are intended to be representative, not exhaustive.

Official Documents, Peace Plans and Studies, and Civil Society Initiatives

• Annapolis Summit, 2007. The most recent US effort to bring the Palestinians and Israelis together to agree on a peace deal in Annapolis, Maryland. The summit concluded with a joint statement to vigorously pursue accelerated peace talks before President Bush leaves office in January 2009.
• National Intelligence Estimate [PDF], 2007. This NIE questioned whether Iran was actually pursuing or had the capabilities to pursue a nuclear weapon.
• Iraq Study Group, 2006. A bi-partisan effort for a forward-looking, independent assessment of the current and prospective situation on the ground in Iraq, its impact on the surrounding region, and its consequences for U.S. interests.
• The Nusseibeh-Ayalon Agreement, 2003. This was a historic statement of basic principles for resolving the Israeli-Palestinian conflict written by Dr. Sari Nusseibeh, the senior Palestinian representative in Jerusalem, and Ami Ayalon, former chief of Israel’s Shin Bet security service. It became the foundation document for the People’s Voice Initiative.
• Road Map, 2003. The Quartet’s initial approach to the peace process. It is a performance-based and goal-driven roadmap, with phases, timelines, target dates, and benchmarks aiming at progress through reciprocal steps by both parties.
• Geneva Initiative, 2003. A joint Israeli-Palestinian effort that suggests a detailed model for a peace agreement to end the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, proving that peace is possible, partners for peace do exist, and there is a solution to every problem.
• Arab Peace Initiative, 2002. An initiative adopted by the Arab leaders at the Beirut Summit that offered Israel a way to obtain comprehensive peace agreements and normalization of relations with the Arab League and the Palestinians.
• Taba, 2001. These peace talks came closer to reaching a final settlement than any previous or subsequent peace talks, yet ultimately failed to achieve a comprehensive agreement.
• Shepherdstown Israel-Syria Draft Peace Agreement, 2000. The draft peace treaty presented by the Clinton Administration to Jerusalem and Damascus.
• Clinton Parameters, 2000. In a last ditch effort, US President Bill Clinton offered the following “Parameters” to Israeli and Palestinian negotiators at a meeting in the White House. The “Parameters” were not the terms of a final deal, but guidelines for final accelerated negotiations, which continued at Taba.
• The Wye River Memorandum [WORD DOC], 1998. A political agreement negotiated to implement the Oslo II interim agreements.
• Oslo II [WORD DOC], 1995. Israeli-Palestinian Interim Agreement on the West Bank and the Gaza Strip.
• Israel-Jordan Peace Treaty, 1994. The treaty normalized relations and resolved territorial disputes between Israel and Jordan.
• Oslo Accords, 1993. Oslo was the first direct, face-to-face agreement between Israel and the Palestinians, as well as the first time that the Palestinians publicly acknowledged Israel’s right to exist.
• Letter of Invitation to the Madrid Conference, 1991. Jointly issued by the Soviet Union and the United States, this letter of invitation to Israel, Jordan, Syria, Lebanon, and the Palestinians served as the foundation for substantial peace talks at the Madrid Conference.
• Camp David Accords – Egyptian-Israeli Peace, 1978. Beginning with an agreement announced at Camp David, Egypt and Israel signed a comprehensive peace agreement that returned the Sinai to Egypt, gave Israel American security guarantees, established mutual recognition between the two parties, and committed both countries to a normalization of relations. It was the first peace deal between Israel and an Arab country.